Esta semana nos enfocamos en las noticias sobre el Mecanismo Laboral de Respuesta Rápida en Instalaciones Específicas del T-MEC, en donde las siguientes empresas de la industria automotriz y/o autopartes fueron señaladas:
El lunes, la AFL-CIO presentó, junto con otras organizaciones, una petición de Respuesta Rápida contra Tridonex, un fabricante de autopartes ubicado en Matamoros, Tamaulipas.
Según los medios, la petición afirma que a los trabajadores se les ha negado su derecho a la libertad de asociación para crear un nuevo sindicato debido a la inacción del gobierno estatal. Además, los medios informaron que alrededor de 600 empleados que buscaban tener un nuevo sindicato fueron despedidos el año pasado.
Aunque la reforma de la Ley Federal del Trabajo en materia de sindicatos y negociación colectiva está vigente, su implementación es por etapas. De acuerdo con el calendario, Tamaulipas comenzará a implementar la reforma para el 2022.
El Comité Laboral Interagencial de Monitoreo y Aplicación (el “Comité”) revisará la petición, de acuerdo con las directrices provisionales, y el Comité debe decidir dentro de los 30 días (naturales) si existe o no evidencia suficiente y creíble de una denegación de los derechos laborales en dicha instalación. En caso afirmativo, el Comité informará al USTR que active el mecanismo de respuesta rápida, solicitando a México que revise el caso y desencadenando todo el proceso.
De conformidad con el artículo 31-A.4 del T-MEC, se debe informar a México sobre esta petición. En consecuencia, la Secretaría de Economía y la Secretaría del Trabajo podrán proceder a investigar los hechos para efectos “internos”.
El jueves, el USTR anunció que solicitó a México revisara la presunta denegación de los derechos de los trabajadores de las instalaciones de General Motors (GM) en Silao.
For the first time, the United States is using USMCA’s Rapid Response Labor Mechanism to review if workers at a General Motors facility in Silao, Mexico, are being denied the right of free association and collective bargaining. Read here: https://t.co/Y07uoC9Hix
— United States Trade Representative (@USTradeRep) May 12, 2021
La solicitud afirma que a los trabajadores de esta instalación presuntamente se les niega el derecho de libre asociación y negociación colectiva. En particular, a Estados Unidos le preocupa el proceso relativo a la legitimación del contrato colectivo entre GM y el Sindicato.
Estados Unidos reconoce que la Secretaría de Trabajo mexicano suspendió la votación debido a preocupaciones sobre irregularidades, incluida la destrucción de boletas.
Dado lo anterior, EE. UU. solicita a México que revise “todas las acciones y declaraciones, por o en nombre del Sindicato o la Compañía, con respecto al proceso de legitimación […]”, incluyendo cualquier acción o declaración contra el derecho de cualquier trabajador a una voto libre y secreto sobre la legitimación del convenio colectivo.
Según el comunicado de prensa, el USTR solicitó al Ministerio del Tesoro de EE.U.U. que suspenda la liquidación final de las cuentas aduaneras relacionadas con las entradas de mercancías de la planta de GM de Silao.
En el evento de que se determine una denegación de beneficios, es posible que las mercancías de la planta de GM en Silao no disfruten de las preferenciales arancelarias del TMEC… pero, aún faltan algunos pasos.ç
La Secretaría del Trabajo ordenó reponer el proceso de legitimación del contrato colectivo el pasado miércoles 12 de mayo (¡un día antes de la solicitud del USTR!). |
GM emitió un comunicado de prensa declarando que no estuvo involucrado en ninguna supuesta violación laboral y que cooperará con las autoridades estadounidenses y mexicana. |
México tiene 10 días para aceptar la solicitud de revisar la supuesta denegación de derechos. La Secretaría de Economía y la Secretaría de Trabajo emitieron un comunicado de prensa indicando que comenzarán a revisar (internamente) el caso. Nosotros consideramos que México participará formalmente en el proceso de mecanismo de respuesta rápida y, por lo tanto, México eventualmente tendrá que presentar un reporte dentro de los 45 días (naturales) contados a partir de la solicitud del USTR.
Curiosamente, Katherine Tai, directora del USTR, felicitó ayer a México por:
“intervenir en el caso cuando se enteró de las irregularidades en la votación a principios de este año”.
Si las acciones de México se implementan con éxito, es posible que el USTR las considere como acciones “de reparación” y, por lo tanto, las mercancías de GM de su planta de Silao continúen teniendo acceso a los aranceles preferenciales de conformidad con T-MEC.
Proud to be using the Rapid Response Labor Mechanism for the first time to review workers’ free association and bargaining rights in a factory in Silao, Mexico. I commend the Mexican government for stepping in to suspend the vote when it became aware of voting irregularities.
— Ambassador Katherine Tai (@AmbassadorTai) May 12, 2021
En VTZ, creemos que estos casos serán los primeros de muchos, ya que Katherine Tai es una fuerte defensora del “enforcement” y promotora del mecanismo laboral de respuesta rápida. Por lo tanto, consideramos que las empresas mexicanas de la industria manufacturera, por ejemplo, no deben intervenir o afectar los derechos de libertad de asociación y negociación colectiva de sus trabajadores; y cooperar con las autoridades laborales, según corresponda, para prevenir cualquier denegación de beneficios.
De afectar derechos, el USTR podrá iniciar el mecanismo de respuesta rápida, poniendo en riesgo el trato arancelario preferencial y las operaciones de las empresas.
Si tienes alguna pregunta sobre el Mecanismo de Respuesta Rápida o cumplimiento de obligaciones laborales, no dudes en contáctarnos.
El año pasado, Emilio Arteaga moderó un webinar sobre el TMEC y el capítulo Laboral, el cual fue organizado por la USMBA.
Capítulo laboral TMEC, Comercio Internacional, Mecanismo de Respuesta Rápida, Mecanismo de respuesta rápida TMEC, TMEC
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It’s a shame that the lawyers of the Grupo R, leave PROFEDET and the Federal Labor Court out of place, that they have exhausted the arguments to be able to defend the rights of workers.
December. 2021
To whom it may concern,
Assert your authority as federal agencies and Request information from Pemex on payments to Contract Numbers 64005815 and 641006416 of Cantarell 1 and 2 Or that the SAT inform you which were the accounts with resources seized from Grupo R and that it was a violation of article 113 of the LFT (Federal Workers’ Law). Validate the information with the IFAI (Federal Institute for Access to Public Information), I saw if Pemex still has pending payments to those contracts. And if the amounts agreed in the contracts are already settled. Investigate the articles of incorporation of Grupo R Servicios and Grupo R Perforación and which companies make up the Grupo R Corporate and who are its investment partners. REMEMBER THAT WANTING IS POWER. Or in truth there are other intentions of the federal government and Pemex in this conflict with this company. Or if you like, you can provide me with a COURT ORDER in my name to request and investigate the information related to Grupo R of its financial statements from Sat or to the Public Property Registry or National Notarial Registry to investigate and have access to the constitutive acts of Grupo R .
Since there were other companies in similar financial situations and they had no problems.
These sound to me like a dispossession or a discreet or simulated expropriation of the assets and assets of Grupo R. Where it indicates that they want them to be part of Pemex’s assets, the bad thing is that when the unionism of this parastatal operates, it is not the most efficient and productive .
This is what happened in 2015 with the equipment and assets of the company Blake Rig international, where the demand from workers still continues and Pemex kept the equipment installed.
Balance the power. Represent your citizens and their rights, you are not employees of the executive. You are the Legislative and Judicial power in this country.
And if you are from a federal secretariat, be aware that we all work out of necessity, just as your parents, siblings, family members do or did, and your children or grandchildren will, and it is not fair or correct that these things continue to happen in our country. Empathy and conscience gentlemen. That we are not only 5,200 workers affected. We are 5,200 families affected who are having a very bad time.
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